Which condition is characterized by high blood glucose levels?

The condition characterized by high blood glucose levels is diabetes mellitus. In diabetes, the body either does not produce enough insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin it produces, leading to elevated levels of glucose in the bloodstream. This can result from several factors, including insulin resistance, autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells, or hormonal imbalances.

In the context of diabetes, the high blood glucose levels can lead to various symptoms and long-term health complications if not managed properly. Elevated blood glucose can result in damage to blood vessels and nerves, affecting different organs over time.

Other conditions mentioned do not correlate with high blood glucose levels. Hypoglycemia refers to low blood sugar, hypertension involves high blood pressure unrelated to glucose levels, and hyperlipidemia is associated with elevated lipid levels in the blood but does not specifically address glucose levels. Hence, diabetes mellitus is the clear condition defined by high blood glucose.