What should a nurse monitor in a patient receiving anticoagulant therapy?

Monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial for patients receiving anticoagulant therapy. Anticoagulants work by inhibiting the body’s normal clotting mechanisms to prevent blood clots, thereby increasing the risk of excessive bleeding. The nurse must observe for both external signs, such as unusual bruising, blood in urine or stool, and prolonged bleeding from cuts or surgical sites, as well as internal signs, such as changes in level of consciousness or abdominal pain which may indicate internal bleeding.

This monitoring is essential because early detection of bleeding can significantly improve patient outcomes and guide timely interventions, such as adjusting the anticoagulant dosage or administering reversal agents if necessary. It is a key part of managing the risks associated with anticoagulation therapy, ensuring that the patient remains safe while receiving the benefits of the medication.